“雄激素革命”為期不遠
http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
2001年2月18日
紐約路透社健康消息 從20歲到70歲，男性體內(nèi)的雄激素水平可以下降50%。因此越來越多的醫(yī)學專業(yè)人士把這種現(xiàn)象稱為“男性更年期”，類似于女性的的絕經(jīng)期。許多人認為，在不久的將來，雄激素替代療法將會象雌激素替代療法讓絕經(jīng)后婦女重獲活力一樣，令老年男士返老還童，青春常在。
雄激素的水平有很強的個體特異性，即使是有正常雄激素水平的人也會出現(xiàn)雄激素缺乏癥狀。這些癥狀包括抑郁、性欲下降、精神萎靡、骨質(zhì)疏松以及肌力量下降等。評價一個人是否需要額外的雄激素，包括肌肉/脂肪比、骨密度、精神狀況以及性能力。
英國倫敦內(nèi)科醫(yī)生和化學病理學家馬爾科姆·加魯瑟認為，在嚴密監(jiān)測下用雄激素替代療法治療雄激素水平低下是安全且對男性健康有益的。這種治療方法不僅不會增加前列腺癌的發(fā)病率，而且對心臟和體循環(huán)有好處，還可以預防骨質(zhì)疏松，甚至預防老年癡呆病。紐約的西奈山醫(yī)學院男性生殖醫(yī)學和外科主任納坦巴查馬醫(yī)生則認為，給這種雄激素水平較低的男士補充雄激素可以強壯骨骼，增加肌肉的質(zhì)量、改善認知功能和性欲以及對抗抑郁。
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
雖然對雄激素替代療法的危險性的研究已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很久，但早期的研究結(jié)果并不能完全證明這種療法會增加前列腺癌的發(fā)病率。新產(chǎn)品雄激素凝膠和膏藥已經(jīng)使雄激素替代療法更加安全，因為這種給藥方式并不會超過生理正常范圍，而藥丸和針劑給藥就有可能過量。
醫(yī)學界對雄激素替代療法仍然存在爭議。有研究者懷疑，額外補充雄激素會刺激前列腺癌的生長。健身者和運動員濫用雄激素已經(jīng)造成很壞的影響；但也有研究說許多人可以從補充雄激素中獲益。雄激素減少脂肪和增加肌肉質(zhì)量的作用，不僅僅是美容，還有助于預防心臟病和減緩心臟病的發(fā)展。
目前男性更年期領域的研究還在起步階段，比女性絕經(jīng)期的研究至少要落后十年左右的時間。在今后的5-10年里，預計有更多學者會對這一領域的研究感興趣。
‘Testosterone Revolution‘ Urged for Older Men
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Testosterone supplementation could one day help keep men fit, active and happy well into old age, just as estrogen lends vitality to postmenopausal women, a doctor suggests.
Between age 20 and 70, a man‘s testosterone level may drop as much as 50%. A growing number of medical professionals refer to this decline as ``andropause‘‘--analogous to menopause in women.
However, hormone replacement therapy for men remains controversial. Some researchers suspect extra testosterone could spur the growth of prostate cancer, and the illicit use of the hormones by bodybuilders and other athletes has also tainted its image.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
According to Dr. Malcolm Carruthers, carefully monitored testosterone supplementation for men deficient in the hormone is safe and has many health benefits.
``It‘s not only okay for the prostate; it‘s actually good for the heart and circulation, prevents osteoporosis, and has many of the benefits--including possibly preventing Alzheimer‘s--that female hormone replacement therapy does,‘‘ Carruthers, a physician and chemical pathologist in private practice in London, told Reuters Health.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
Carruthers has launched a charity, The Andropause Society, to study and support research in this area. He is also a consultant to AndroScreen.com, a Web site offering information on screening for testosterone deficiency and access to treatment, and is working on building a worldwide network of doctors trained in treating testosterone deficiency.
Indeed, a growing body of evidence supports the idea that testosterone supplementation for men with low levels of the hormone can strengthen bone, increase muscle mass, improve cognitive function and libido, and fight depression, according to Dr. Natan Bar-Chama. Bar-Chama is director of male reproductive medicine and surgery at the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine in New York.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
``The field of andropause is in its early stage,‘‘ the New York researcher told Reuters Health. ``We‘re probably a decade behind as compared to the field of menopause.‘‘ He said he expects interest in this area to grow dramatically in the next 5 to 10 years.
Although long-term studies on the risks of testosterone supplementation are not yet complete, Bar-Chama said, early results do not suggest it carries an increased risk of prostate cancer.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
New testosterone gels and patches have made testosterone supplementation safer, Bar-Chama added. These medications increase testosterone but not beyond physiologically normal levels, as pills and injections have the potential to do.
Deciding who would benefit from testosterone supplementation requires looking at symptoms as well as hormone levels, both doctors agree.
Testosterone levels vary from person to person, and a man with normal levels may have symptoms of deficiency. These symptoms include depression, loss of interest in sex, poor mental function, osteoporosis and reduced muscle strength, according to Carruthers.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
Evaluation of many factors, including muscle/fat ratio, bone density, mental function and sexual performance, is necessary to determine if a man needs extra testosterone, Bar-Chama said.
Testosterone‘s benefit of reducing fat and increasing muscle mass is not just cosmetic, he observed. Trimming fat and adding muscle can help prevent or slow the progress of heart disease.
``There are many men who can benefit from testosterone supplementation,‘‘ Bar-Chama said. ``There are tremendous benefits but there are also risks.‘‘
As the field of andropause develops, Bar-Chama predicts, doctors will more clearly define these risks and benefits and begin to reduce these risks, just as researchers working on menopause have worked to shrink the side effects of estrogen supplementation.
載自家庭醫(yī)生醫(yī)療保健網(wǎng), 百拇醫(yī)藥
雄激素的水平有很強的個體特異性，即使是有正常雄激素水平的人也會出現(xiàn)雄激素缺乏癥狀。這些癥狀包括抑郁、性欲下降、精神萎靡、骨質(zhì)疏松以及肌力量下降等。評價一個人是否需要額外的雄激素，包括肌肉/脂肪比、骨密度、精神狀況以及性能力。
英國倫敦內(nèi)科醫(yī)生和化學病理學家馬爾科姆·加魯瑟認為，在嚴密監(jiān)測下用雄激素替代療法治療雄激素水平低下是安全且對男性健康有益的。這種治療方法不僅不會增加前列腺癌的發(fā)病率，而且對心臟和體循環(huán)有好處，還可以預防骨質(zhì)疏松，甚至預防老年癡呆病。紐約的西奈山醫(yī)學院男性生殖醫(yī)學和外科主任納坦巴查馬醫(yī)生則認為，給這種雄激素水平較低的男士補充雄激素可以強壯骨骼，增加肌肉的質(zhì)量、改善認知功能和性欲以及對抗抑郁。
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
雖然對雄激素替代療法的危險性的研究已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很久，但早期的研究結(jié)果并不能完全證明這種療法會增加前列腺癌的發(fā)病率。新產(chǎn)品雄激素凝膠和膏藥已經(jīng)使雄激素替代療法更加安全，因為這種給藥方式并不會超過生理正常范圍，而藥丸和針劑給藥就有可能過量。
醫(yī)學界對雄激素替代療法仍然存在爭議。有研究者懷疑，額外補充雄激素會刺激前列腺癌的生長。健身者和運動員濫用雄激素已經(jīng)造成很壞的影響；但也有研究說許多人可以從補充雄激素中獲益。雄激素減少脂肪和增加肌肉質(zhì)量的作用，不僅僅是美容，還有助于預防心臟病和減緩心臟病的發(fā)展。
目前男性更年期領域的研究還在起步階段，比女性絕經(jīng)期的研究至少要落后十年左右的時間。在今后的5-10年里，預計有更多學者會對這一領域的研究感興趣。
‘Testosterone Revolution‘ Urged for Older Men
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Testosterone supplementation could one day help keep men fit, active and happy well into old age, just as estrogen lends vitality to postmenopausal women, a doctor suggests.
Between age 20 and 70, a man‘s testosterone level may drop as much as 50%. A growing number of medical professionals refer to this decline as ``andropause‘‘--analogous to menopause in women.
However, hormone replacement therapy for men remains controversial. Some researchers suspect extra testosterone could spur the growth of prostate cancer, and the illicit use of the hormones by bodybuilders and other athletes has also tainted its image.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
According to Dr. Malcolm Carruthers, carefully monitored testosterone supplementation for men deficient in the hormone is safe and has many health benefits.
``It‘s not only okay for the prostate; it‘s actually good for the heart and circulation, prevents osteoporosis, and has many of the benefits--including possibly preventing Alzheimer‘s--that female hormone replacement therapy does,‘‘ Carruthers, a physician and chemical pathologist in private practice in London, told Reuters Health.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
Carruthers has launched a charity, The Andropause Society, to study and support research in this area. He is also a consultant to AndroScreen.com, a Web site offering information on screening for testosterone deficiency and access to treatment, and is working on building a worldwide network of doctors trained in treating testosterone deficiency.
Indeed, a growing body of evidence supports the idea that testosterone supplementation for men with low levels of the hormone can strengthen bone, increase muscle mass, improve cognitive function and libido, and fight depression, according to Dr. Natan Bar-Chama. Bar-Chama is director of male reproductive medicine and surgery at the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine in New York.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
``The field of andropause is in its early stage,‘‘ the New York researcher told Reuters Health. ``We‘re probably a decade behind as compared to the field of menopause.‘‘ He said he expects interest in this area to grow dramatically in the next 5 to 10 years.
Although long-term studies on the risks of testosterone supplementation are not yet complete, Bar-Chama said, early results do not suggest it carries an increased risk of prostate cancer.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
New testosterone gels and patches have made testosterone supplementation safer, Bar-Chama added. These medications increase testosterone but not beyond physiologically normal levels, as pills and injections have the potential to do.
Deciding who would benefit from testosterone supplementation requires looking at symptoms as well as hormone levels, both doctors agree.
Testosterone levels vary from person to person, and a man with normal levels may have symptoms of deficiency. These symptoms include depression, loss of interest in sex, poor mental function, osteoporosis and reduced muscle strength, according to Carruthers.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
Evaluation of many factors, including muscle/fat ratio, bone density, mental function and sexual performance, is necessary to determine if a man needs extra testosterone, Bar-Chama said.
Testosterone‘s benefit of reducing fat and increasing muscle mass is not just cosmetic, he observed. Trimming fat and adding muscle can help prevent or slow the progress of heart disease.
``There are many men who can benefit from testosterone supplementation,‘‘ Bar-Chama said. ``There are tremendous benefits but there are also risks.‘‘
As the field of andropause develops, Bar-Chama predicts, doctors will more clearly define these risks and benefits and begin to reduce these risks, just as researchers working on menopause have worked to shrink the side effects of estrogen supplementation.
載自家庭醫(yī)生醫(yī)療保健網(wǎng), 百拇醫(yī)藥
百拇醫(yī)藥網(wǎng) http://www.www.srpcoatings.com/Html/Info/News/59/05949.htm