道教生態(tài)倫理:以生命為中心
摘 要:在某種意義上說,形成于中國古代的道教思想可以成為現代生態(tài)倫理的重要的思想資源。道教建立了“道”化生天地萬物的宇宙論,強調天地自然萬物與人同源、同根,并在此基礎上,提出“有形皆含道性”,從而建構了作為道教生態(tài)倫理基礎的普遍的生命平等觀;而且,道教還進一步提出了“好生惡殺”的生態(tài)倫理規(guī)范,并以宗教的積善成仙與善惡報應的觀念作為落實這一規(guī)范的基本保證;更為重要的是,道教將生態(tài)倫理訴諸人的道德情感,要求人像孝敬父母那樣,尊重天地自然,以普遍的慈悲和憐憫之心善待動物和植物;這樣,也就形成了以生命為中心的道教生態(tài)倫理。關鍵詞:道教 生態(tài)倫理 積善成仙 善惡報應
Taoist Ecological Ethics: Regarding Life as a Center
LE Ai-guo
( Department of philosophy ,Xiamen University ,Xiamen 361005 )
Abstract: In a manner, it is possible that Taoist thought in ancient China become modern ecological ethics’ resource. Taoist cosmology claimed that “Dao” procreates Universe, emphasized that Human and Nature come from the same origin, and believed that “all visible thing possess Dao’s essence”. Consequently, Taoism set up the universal viewpoint on life’s equality as Taoist Ecological Ethics’ fundamental. Taoism also brought forward ecological ethical norm that is “l(fā)oving life and abhorring killing”, which was carried out by constituting the religious idea on accumulating almsdeed for becoming immortal and good and evil retribution. It is more important that Taoism demanded that people keeps to ecological ethics with moral emotion, and respects Nature as parents, treats animal and plant with mercy and pity. In this way, Taoist ecological ethics that is regarding life as a center came into being. ......
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