Aortic Stenosis主動(dòng)脈狹窄.doc
http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
參見附件(64kb)。
Aortic Stenosis主動(dòng)脈狹窄
What is aortic stenosis?什么是主動(dòng)脈狹窄？
Aortic stenosis is a heart defect that may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop later in life). If the problem is congenital, then something occurred during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy to affect the development of the aortic valve. 主動(dòng)脈狹窄是一種心臟病，可能是先天性的(出生時(shí)就有的)或者獲得性的(在以后的生活中產(chǎn)生的)。如果是先天性的，那么在妊娠最初的8周里發(fā)生了什么事影響到主動(dòng)脈瓣的發(fā)育。
The aortic valve is found between the left ventricle and the aorta. It has three leaflets that function like a one-way door, allowing blood to flow forward into the aorta, but not backward into the left ventricle. Aortic stenosis is the inability of the aortic valve to open completely.主動(dòng)脈瓣位于左心室和主動(dòng)脈之間。它有三個(gè)瓣葉，功能象一個(gè)單向們，允許前向血流進(jìn)入主動(dòng)脈，但不能返流回左心室。主動(dòng)脈狹窄使得主動(dòng)脈瓣不能夠完全的開放。
With aortic stenosis, problems with the aortic valve make it harder for the leaflets to open and permit blood to flow forward from the left ventricle to the aorta. In children, these problems can include a valve that:主動(dòng)脈狹窄的問題在于主動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄使得瓣膜開放和血流從左心室到主動(dòng)脈遇到困難。在兒童，可能有以下的情況：
* only has one or two leaflets instead of three.一瓣或兩瓣化代替三個(gè)瓣葉。
* has leaflets that are partially fused together.瓣葉部分的融合在一起。
* has thick leaflets that do not open all the way.瓣葉增厚不能充分開放。
* becomes damaged by rheumatic fever or bacterial endocarditis.由于風(fēng)濕熱或細(xì)菌性心內(nèi)膜炎造成損害。
Aortic stenosis may be present in varying degrees, classified according to how much obstruction to blood flow is present. A child with severe aortic stenosis will be quite ill, with major symptoms noted early in life. A child with mild aortic stenosis may have few symptoms, or perhaps none until later in adulthood. The degree of obstruction can become worse with time.主動(dòng)脈狹窄可以有不同的嚴(yán)重程度，分級依據(jù)血流受到阻礙的嚴(yán)重程度。一位嚴(yán)重的主動(dòng)脈狹窄的患兒在生命的早期嚴(yán)重的癥狀就已經(jīng)顯著，將會(huì)是嚴(yán)重的病態(tài)，一位較輕的主動(dòng)脈狹窄的患兒可能有很少的癥狀或者可能沒有癥狀，直到后來到了成年期才有癥狀。阻礙的程度隨著時(shí)間的推移可能變得更嚴(yán)重。
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs in 3 to 6 percent of all children with congenital heart disease. Relatively few children are symptomatic in infancy, but the incidence of problems increases sharply in adulthood.先天性主動(dòng)脈狹窄的發(fā)病率占所有先天性心臟病患兒的3-6%。相當(dāng)少數(shù)的患兒在嬰兒期出現(xiàn)癥狀，但是在成年期問題的發(fā)生氯急劇增加。
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs four times more often in boys than in girls.主動(dòng)脈狹窄發(fā)生在男性較女性多4倍。
What causes aortic stenosis?什么原因引起主動(dòng)脈狹窄？
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs due to improper development of the aortic valve in the first 8 weeks of fetal growth. It can be caused by a number of factors, though, most of the time, this heart defect occurs sporadically (by chance), with no apparent reason for its development.主動(dòng)脈狹窄的發(fā)生是由于在胎兒生長發(fā)育的前8周里主動(dòng)脈瓣的不正常的發(fā)育。雖說多個(gè)因素可以引起，但多數(shù)還是偶發(fā)的(偶然的)，沒有明顯的原因?qū)е滤?br/>
Some congenital heart defects may have a genetic link, either occurring due to a defect in a gene, a chromosome abnormality, or environmental exposure, causing heart problems to occur more often in certain families.有些先天性的心臟缺陷可能有遺傳鏈，由于基因缺陷，抑或染色體異常，或環(huán)境暴露，引起心臟問題在某些家庭多發(fā)。
Acquired aortic stenosis may occur after a strep infection that progresses to rheumatic fever.發(fā)展成風(fēng)濕熱的鏈球菌感染之后獲得性主動(dòng)脈狹窄可能發(fā)生 ......
Aortic Stenosis主動(dòng)脈狹窄
What is aortic stenosis?什么是主動(dòng)脈狹窄？
Aortic stenosis is a heart defect that may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop later in life). If the problem is congenital, then something occurred during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy to affect the development of the aortic valve. 主動(dòng)脈狹窄是一種心臟病，可能是先天性的(出生時(shí)就有的)或者獲得性的(在以后的生活中產(chǎn)生的)。如果是先天性的，那么在妊娠最初的8周里發(fā)生了什么事影響到主動(dòng)脈瓣的發(fā)育。
The aortic valve is found between the left ventricle and the aorta. It has three leaflets that function like a one-way door, allowing blood to flow forward into the aorta, but not backward into the left ventricle. Aortic stenosis is the inability of the aortic valve to open completely.主動(dòng)脈瓣位于左心室和主動(dòng)脈之間。它有三個(gè)瓣葉，功能象一個(gè)單向們，允許前向血流進(jìn)入主動(dòng)脈，但不能返流回左心室。主動(dòng)脈狹窄使得主動(dòng)脈瓣不能夠完全的開放。
With aortic stenosis, problems with the aortic valve make it harder for the leaflets to open and permit blood to flow forward from the left ventricle to the aorta. In children, these problems can include a valve that:主動(dòng)脈狹窄的問題在于主動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄使得瓣膜開放和血流從左心室到主動(dòng)脈遇到困難。在兒童，可能有以下的情況：
* only has one or two leaflets instead of three.一瓣或兩瓣化代替三個(gè)瓣葉。
* has leaflets that are partially fused together.瓣葉部分的融合在一起。
* has thick leaflets that do not open all the way.瓣葉增厚不能充分開放。
* becomes damaged by rheumatic fever or bacterial endocarditis.由于風(fēng)濕熱或細(xì)菌性心內(nèi)膜炎造成損害。
Aortic stenosis may be present in varying degrees, classified according to how much obstruction to blood flow is present. A child with severe aortic stenosis will be quite ill, with major symptoms noted early in life. A child with mild aortic stenosis may have few symptoms, or perhaps none until later in adulthood. The degree of obstruction can become worse with time.主動(dòng)脈狹窄可以有不同的嚴(yán)重程度，分級依據(jù)血流受到阻礙的嚴(yán)重程度。一位嚴(yán)重的主動(dòng)脈狹窄的患兒在生命的早期嚴(yán)重的癥狀就已經(jīng)顯著，將會(huì)是嚴(yán)重的病態(tài)，一位較輕的主動(dòng)脈狹窄的患兒可能有很少的癥狀或者可能沒有癥狀，直到后來到了成年期才有癥狀。阻礙的程度隨著時(shí)間的推移可能變得更嚴(yán)重。
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs in 3 to 6 percent of all children with congenital heart disease. Relatively few children are symptomatic in infancy, but the incidence of problems increases sharply in adulthood.先天性主動(dòng)脈狹窄的發(fā)病率占所有先天性心臟病患兒的3-6%。相當(dāng)少數(shù)的患兒在嬰兒期出現(xiàn)癥狀，但是在成年期問題的發(fā)生氯急劇增加。
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs four times more often in boys than in girls.主動(dòng)脈狹窄發(fā)生在男性較女性多4倍。
What causes aortic stenosis?什么原因引起主動(dòng)脈狹窄？
Congenital aortic stenosis occurs due to improper development of the aortic valve in the first 8 weeks of fetal growth. It can be caused by a number of factors, though, most of the time, this heart defect occurs sporadically (by chance), with no apparent reason for its development.主動(dòng)脈狹窄的發(fā)生是由于在胎兒生長發(fā)育的前8周里主動(dòng)脈瓣的不正常的發(fā)育。雖說多個(gè)因素可以引起，但多數(shù)還是偶發(fā)的(偶然的)，沒有明顯的原因?qū)е滤?br/>
Some congenital heart defects may have a genetic link, either occurring due to a defect in a gene, a chromosome abnormality, or environmental exposure, causing heart problems to occur more often in certain families.有些先天性的心臟缺陷可能有遺傳鏈，由于基因缺陷，抑或染色體異常，或環(huán)境暴露，引起心臟問題在某些家庭多發(fā)。
Acquired aortic stenosis may occur after a strep infection that progresses to rheumatic fever.發(fā)展成風(fēng)濕熱的鏈球菌感染之后獲得性主動(dòng)脈狹窄可能發(fā)生 ......
您現(xiàn)在查看是摘要介紹頁，詳見DOC附件(64kb)。