孫子兵法(中英對(duì)照)
135960admin孫子兵法 (中英對(duì)照)webmaster@hope.org.cn||||||||||||||||||Images/userface/image135.gif 傷寒派孫子兵法 (中英對(duì)照)
The Art of War
孫武
By Sun Tzu
Translated by Lionel Giles
始計(jì)第一
Laying Plans
孫子曰：兵者，國(guó)之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也。
Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be neglected.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
故經(jīng)之以五事，校之以計(jì)，而索其情：一曰道，二曰天，三曰地，四曰將，五曰法。
The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one\s plans.
兵者，詭道也。
All warfare is based on deception.
故能而示之不能，用而示之不用，近而示之遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)而示之近。
Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
利而誘之，亂而取之，Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder, and crush him.
實(shí)而備之，強(qiáng)而避之，If he is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him.
怒而撓之，卑而驕之，If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant.
佚而勞之，親而離之，If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
攻其無(wú)備，出其不意。
Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.
此兵家之勝，不可先傳也。
These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.
夫未戰(zhàn)而廟算勝者，得算多也；未戰(zhàn)而廟算不勝者，得算少也。多算勝少算，而況于無(wú)算乎!吾以此觀之，勝負(fù)見矣。
Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple where the battle is fought. The general who loses a battle makes but few calculations beforehand. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all! It is by attention to this point that I can foresee who is likely to win or lose.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
作戰(zhàn)第二
II. Waging War
孫子曰：凡用兵之法，馳車千駟，革車千乘，帶甲十萬(wàn)，千里饋糧。則內(nèi)外之費(fèi)，賓客之用，膠
漆之材，車甲之奉，日費(fèi)千金，然后十萬(wàn)之師舉矣。
Sun Tzu said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of silver per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
其用戰(zhàn)也，勝久則鈍兵挫銳，攻城則力屈，When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, then men\s substance to be drained away.
財(cái)竭則急于丘役。
When their substance is drained away, the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions.
力屈中原、內(nèi)虛于家，百姓之費(fèi)，十去其七；公家之費(fèi)，破軍罷馬，甲胄矢弓，戟盾矛櫓，丘牛大車，十去其六。
With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and three-tenths of their income will be dissipated; while government expenses for broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will amount to four-tenths of its total revenue.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
故智將務(wù)食于敵，食敵一鐘，當(dāng)吾二十鐘；□①桿一石，當(dāng)吾二十石。
Hence a wise general makes a point of foraging on the enemy. One cartload of the enemy\s own, and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent to twenty from one\s own strength.
故兵貴勝，不貴久。
In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.
故知兵之將，民之司命。國(guó)家安危之主也。
Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of the people\s country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a detachment or a company entire than to destroy them.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
是故百戰(zhàn)百勝，非善之善也；不戰(zhàn)而屈人之兵，善之善者也。
Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy\s plans; the next best is to prevent the junction of the enemy\s army in the field; and the worst policy of all is to besiege walled cities.
攻城之法，為不得已。修櫓□①□②，具器械，三月而后成；距堙，又三月而后已。
The rule is, not to besiege walled cities if it can possibly be avoided. The preparation of mantlets, movable shelters, and various implements of war, will take up three whole months; and the piling up of mounds over against the walls will take three months more.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
將不勝其忿而蟻附之，殺士卒三分之一，而城不拔者，此攻之災(zāi)也。
The general, unable to control his irritation, will launch his men to the assault like swarming ants, with the result that one-third of his men are slain, while the town still remains untaken. Such are the disastrous effects of a siege.
故善用兵者，屈人之兵而非戰(zhàn)也，拔人之城而非攻也，毀人之國(guó)而非久也，Therefore the skillful leader subdues the enemy\s one, to surround him; if five to one, to attack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
敵則能戰(zhàn)之，少則能逃之，不若則能避之。
If equally matched, we can offer battle; if slightly inferior in numbers, we can avoid the enemy; if quite unequal in every way, we can flee from him.
故小敵之堅(jiān)，大敵之擒也。
Hence, though an obstinate fight may be made by a small force, in the end it must be captured by the larger force.
夫?qū)⒄�，�?guó)之輔也。輔周則國(guó)必強(qiáng)，輔隙則國(guó)必弱。
Now the general is the bulwark of the State; if the bulwark is complete at all points; the State will be strong; if the bulwark is defective, the State will be weak.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
故君之所以患于軍者三：
There are three ways in which a ruler can bring misfortune upon his army:--
(1) 不知軍之不可以進(jìn)而謂之進(jìn)，不知軍之不可以退而謂之退，是謂縻軍；
(1) By commanding the army to advance or to retreat, being ignorant of the fact that it cannot obey. This is called hobbling the army.
(2) 不知三軍之事而同三軍之政，則軍士惑矣；
(2) By attempting to govern an army in the same way as he administers a kingdom, being ignorant of the conditions which obtain in an army. This causes restlessness in the soldier\Well done!\, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
The Art of War
孫武
By Sun Tzu
Translated by Lionel Giles
始計(jì)第一
Laying Plans
孫子曰：兵者，國(guó)之大事，死生之地，存亡之道，不可不察也。
Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be neglected.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
故經(jīng)之以五事，校之以計(jì)，而索其情：一曰道，二曰天，三曰地，四曰將，五曰法。
The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one\s plans.
兵者，詭道也。
All warfare is based on deception.
故能而示之不能，用而示之不用，近而示之遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)而示之近。
Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
利而誘之，亂而取之，Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder, and crush him.
實(shí)而備之，強(qiáng)而避之，If he is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him.
怒而撓之，卑而驕之，If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant.
佚而勞之，親而離之，If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
攻其無(wú)備，出其不意。
Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.
此兵家之勝，不可先傳也。
These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.
夫未戰(zhàn)而廟算勝者，得算多也；未戰(zhàn)而廟算不勝者，得算少也。多算勝少算，而況于無(wú)算乎!吾以此觀之，勝負(fù)見矣。
Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple where the battle is fought. The general who loses a battle makes but few calculations beforehand. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all! It is by attention to this point that I can foresee who is likely to win or lose.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
作戰(zhàn)第二
II. Waging War
孫子曰：凡用兵之法，馳車千駟，革車千乘，帶甲十萬(wàn)，千里饋糧。則內(nèi)外之費(fèi)，賓客之用，膠
漆之材，車甲之奉，日費(fèi)千金，然后十萬(wàn)之師舉矣。
Sun Tzu said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of silver per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
其用戰(zhàn)也，勝久則鈍兵挫銳，攻城則力屈，When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, then men\s substance to be drained away.
財(cái)竭則急于丘役。
When their substance is drained away, the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions.
力屈中原、內(nèi)虛于家，百姓之費(fèi)，十去其七；公家之費(fèi)，破軍罷馬，甲胄矢弓，戟盾矛櫓，丘牛大車，十去其六。
With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and three-tenths of their income will be dissipated; while government expenses for broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will amount to four-tenths of its total revenue.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
故智將務(wù)食于敵，食敵一鐘，當(dāng)吾二十鐘；□①桿一石，當(dāng)吾二十石。
Hence a wise general makes a point of foraging on the enemy. One cartload of the enemy\s own, and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent to twenty from one\s own strength.
故兵貴勝，不貴久。
In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.
故知兵之將，民之司命。國(guó)家安危之主也。
Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of the people\s country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a detachment or a company entire than to destroy them.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
是故百戰(zhàn)百勝，非善之善也；不戰(zhàn)而屈人之兵，善之善者也。
Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy\s plans; the next best is to prevent the junction of the enemy\s army in the field; and the worst policy of all is to besiege walled cities.
攻城之法，為不得已。修櫓□①□②，具器械，三月而后成；距堙，又三月而后已。
The rule is, not to besiege walled cities if it can possibly be avoided. The preparation of mantlets, movable shelters, and various implements of war, will take up three whole months; and the piling up of mounds over against the walls will take three months more.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
將不勝其忿而蟻附之，殺士卒三分之一，而城不拔者，此攻之災(zāi)也。
The general, unable to control his irritation, will launch his men to the assault like swarming ants, with the result that one-third of his men are slain, while the town still remains untaken. Such are the disastrous effects of a siege.
故善用兵者，屈人之兵而非戰(zhàn)也，拔人之城而非攻也，毀人之國(guó)而非久也，Therefore the skillful leader subdues the enemy\s one, to surround him; if five to one, to attack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two.
, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
敵則能戰(zhàn)之，少則能逃之，不若則能避之。
If equally matched, we can offer battle; if slightly inferior in numbers, we can avoid the enemy; if quite unequal in every way, we can flee from him.
故小敵之堅(jiān)，大敵之擒也。
Hence, though an obstinate fight may be made by a small force, in the end it must be captured by the larger force.
夫?qū)⒄�，�?guó)之輔也。輔周則國(guó)必強(qiáng)，輔隙則國(guó)必弱。
Now the general is the bulwark of the State; if the bulwark is complete at all points; the State will be strong; if the bulwark is defective, the State will be weak.
, 百拇醫(yī)藥
故君之所以患于軍者三：
There are three ways in which a ruler can bring misfortune upon his army:--
(1) 不知軍之不可以進(jìn)而謂之進(jìn)，不知軍之不可以退而謂之退，是謂縻軍；
(1) By commanding the army to advance or to retreat, being ignorant of the fact that it cannot obey. This is called hobbling the army.
(2) 不知三軍之事而同三軍之政，則軍士惑矣；
(2) By attempting to govern an army in the same way as he administers a kingdom, being ignorant of the conditions which obtain in an army. This causes restlessness in the soldier\Well done!\, http://www.www.srpcoatings.com
百拇醫(yī)藥網(wǎng) http://www.www.srpcoatings.com/html/Dir/2004/06/30/42/53/00.htm