《Reasons and Persons》.mobi .pdf .txt
基本信息:
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書名: Reasons and Persons (Oxford Paperbacks)
作者: Derek Parfit [Parfit, Derek]
出版社/出版時間: Oxford University Press1984-04-12
國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)書號: mobi-asin:77dec438-5192-4dcd-8aeb-2e76c870fd53
電子版包括 .mobi .pdf .txt等格式:
《Reasons and Persons》.mobi 文件 1282 KB,
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目錄簡介:
- PART ONE ? SELF-DEFEATING THEORIES
CHAPTER 1 ? THEORIES THAT ARE INDIRECTLY SELF-DEFEATING
1 The Self-interest Theory
2 How S Can Be Indirectly Self-defeating
3 Does S Tell Us to Be Never Self-denying?
4 Why S Does Not Fail in Its Own Terms
5 Could It Be Rational to Cause Oneself to Act Irrationally?
6 How S Implies that We Cannot Avoid Acting Irrationally
7 An Argument for Rejecting S When It Conflicts with Morality
8 Why This Argument Fails
9 How S Might Be Self-Effacing
10 How Consequentialism Is Indirectly Self-defeating
11 Why C Does Not Fail in Its Own Terms
12 The Ethics of Fantasy
13 Collective Consequentialism
14 Blameless Wrongdoing
15 Could It Be Impossible to Avoid Acting Wrongly?
16 Could It Be Right to Cause Oneself to Act Wrongly?
17 How C Might Be Self-Effacing
18 The Objection that Assumes Inflexibility
19 Can Being Rational or Moral Be a Mere Means?
20 Conclusions
CHAPTER 2 ? PRACTICAL DILEMMAS
21 Why C Cannot Be Directly Self-defeating
22 How Theories Can Be Directly Self-defeating
23 Prisoner’s Dilemmas and Public Goods
24 The Practical Problem and its Solutions
CHAPTER 3 ? FIVE MISTAKES IN MORAL MATHEMATICS
25 The Share-of-the-Total View
26 Ignoring the Effects of Sets of Acts
27 Ignoring Small Chances
28 Ignoring Small or Imperceptible Effects
29 Can There Be Imperceptible Harms and Benefits?
30 Overdetermination
31 Rational Altruism
CHAPTER 4 ? THEORIES THAT ARE DIRECTLY SELF-DEFEATING
32 In Prisoner’s Dilemmas, Does S Fail in Its Own Terms?
33 Another Weak Defence of Morality
34 Intertemporal Dilemmas
35 A Weak Defence of S
36 How Common-Sense Morality Is Directly Self-Defeating
37 The Five Parts of a Moral Theory
38 How We Can Revise Common-Sense Morality so that It Would Not Be Self-Defeating
39 Why We Ought to Revise Common-Sense Morality
40 A Simpler Revision
CHAPTER 5 ? CONCLUSIONS
41 Reducing the Distance between M and C
42 Towards a Unified Theory
43 Work to be Done
44 Another Possibility
PART TWO ? RATIONALITY AND TIME
CHAPTER 6 ? THE BEST OBJECTION TO THE SELF-INTEREST THEORY
45 The Present-aim Theory
46 Can Desires Be Intrinsically Irrational, or Rationally Required?
47 Three Competing Theories
48 Psychological Egoism
49 The Self-interest Theory and Morality
50 My First Argument
51 The S-Theorist’s First Reply
52 Why Temporal Neutrality Is Not the Issue Between S and P
CHAPTER 7 ? THE APPEAL TO FULL RELATIVITY
53 The S-Theorist’s Second Reply
54 Sidgwick’s Suggestions
55 How S Is Incompletely Relative
56 How Sidgwick Went Astray
57 The Appeal Applied at a Formal Level
58 The Appeal Applied to Other Claims
CHAPTER 8 ? DIFFERENT ATTITUDES TO TIME
59 Is It Irrational to Give No Weight to One’s Past Desires?
60 Desires that Depend on Value Judgements or Ideals
61 Mere Past Desires
62 Is It Irrational To Care Less About One’s Further Future?
63 A Suicidal Argument
64 Past or Future Suffering
65 The Direction of Causation
66 Temporal Neutrality
67 Why We Should Not Be Biased towards the Future
68 Time’s Passage
69 An Asymmetry
70 Conclusions
CHAPTER 9 ? WHY WE SHOULD REJECT S
71 The Appeal to Later Regrets
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